Fig. 5. The rate of temperature change (°C) as a function of time (years) vs. depth, for the case in which surface temperature and infiltration flux change simultaneously over 10000 yr, after 20000 yr of steady-state conditions (line labeled 19900 yr). The line labeled 30160 yr indicates the rate of temperature change 160 yr after climate change has ceased, and approximately defines the maximum values achieved for dT/dt. Note that even after about 10000 yr after perturbation at the surface, the rate of temperature change is still >0 (line labeled 39940 yr).