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New Field Method to Determine Streamflow Timing Using Electrical Resistance Sensors

^a U.S. Geological Survey, 520 North Park Ave., Suite 221, Tucson, AZ 85719, and Dep. of Hydrology and Water Resources, J.W. Harshbarger 122, 1133 East North Campus Drive, P.O. Box 210011, Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721
^b Dep. of Hydrology and Water Resources, J.W. Harshbarger 122, 1133 East North Campus Drive, P.O. Box 210011, Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721
^c U.S. Geological Survey, 5735 Kearny Villa Road, San Diego, CA 92123
^d U.S. Geological Survey, 520 North Park Ave., Suite 221, Tucson, AZ 85719
* Corresponding author (kblasch{at}usgs.gov)

Received 14 May 2002.

Electrical resistance (ER) sensors were constructed to monitor streambed saturation to infer ephemeral streamflow timing. The sensors were evaluated in an ephemeral stream through comparison with temperature-based methods, a stream gauge, and soil water content sensors. The ER sensors were more accurate at estimating streamflow timing and the resultant data required less interpretation than data from temperature-based methods. Accuracy was equivalent to timing methods using stream gauge and soil water content measurements. The ER sensors are advantageous for use in ephemeral stream channels because they are inexpensive, deployable above or below the sediment surface, insensitive to depth, and do not require connecting wires to an external datalogger or power source. On the basis of these results, we conclude that ER sensors may be used to monitor changes in soil water content within the vadose zone. Additionally, the sensors can be used to infer the presence of surface water in diversion canals, storm-water sewers, and in the form of overland runoff.

Abbreviations: ER, electrical resistance [sensors] • PVC, polyvinyl chloride • TDR, time domain reflectometry

This article has been cited by other articles:

				K. W. Blasch, T. P. A. Ferre, and J. P. Hoffmann A Statistical Technique for Interpreting Streamflow Timing Using Streambed Sediment Thermographs Vadose Zone J., August 1, 2004; 3(3): 936 - 946. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]