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ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Numerical Analysis of Solute Transport from Trickle Sources in a Combined Desert Soil–Imported Soil Flow System

^a Dep. of Environmental Physics and Irrigation, Institute of Soils, Water and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel
^b Present address: AMEC Earth & Environmental Ltd., 160 Traders Blvd. East, Suite 110, Mississauga, ON, Canada, L4Z 3K7
^* Corresponding author (vwrosd{at}agri.gov.il).

Received 14 March 2007.

One of the alternative solutions to the problems associated with the agricultural use of stony desert soils is to apply imported soil material into trenches that are aligned along the crop rows. The purpose of the present study was twofold: first, to analyze the effect of two imported soil materials available in the Arava Valley of Israel on the movement and spread of water and solute originating from multiple trickle line laterals, taking into account the trench geometry, the discharge of the trickle line laterals, the pattern of the plant root distribution, and the spatial heterogeneity of the hydraulic properties of the local soil; and, second, to extend the analyses to hypothetical imported soil materials characterized by different sets of hydraulic parameters (saturated conductivity, K_s, and the van Genuchten soil parameters and n, related to the soil's pore size distribution). Results of the present study suggest that in the case of relatively low-conductive imported soil materials, a wide and shallow trench may leach the solute below a horizontal control plane more efficiently than a narrow and deep trench, while the opposite is true for high-conductive imported soil materials. Combinations of the threshold values of K_s and above which a narrow and deep trench is more efficient in solute leaching than a wide and shallow trench calculated here suggest that, for a given n, a relatively large threshold value of K_s may compensate for a relatively small threshold value of , particularly when n is relatively large.

Abbreviations: BTC, breakthrough curve • CDE, convection–dispersion equation • CP, control plane