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Carbon Tetrachloride Flow Behavior in Unsaturated Hanford Caliche Material

An Investigation of Residual Nonaqueous Phase Liquids

^a Environmental Technology Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MS K9-33, Richland, WA 99352
^b Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, P.O. Box 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415-2214

View larger version (33K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Schematic of the flow cell and calibrated locations for dual-energy radiation measurements.

View larger version (110K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Picture of packed flow cell.

View larger version (57K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Dual-energy measurements of (a) bulk density, and (b) initial water saturation of caliche layer and surrounding medium-grained sand.

View larger version (94K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. CCl4 infiltration after injection of (a) 400 mL, and (b) 800 mL.

View larger version (96K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Extent of CCl4 after (a) 2, and (b) 21 d of redistributing.

View larger version (21K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. CCl4 saturations at various times for vertical transect at x = 119 cm during redistribution stage.

View larger version (31K): [in a new window]   Fig. 7. Steady state CCl4 saturation distribution in caliche after 25 d of redistributing.

View larger version (15K): [in a new window]   Fig. 8. Water discharge rate (red; left y axis) and dissolved CCl4 concentration (blue; right y axis) during water injection stage.

View larger version (21K): [in a new window]   Fig. 9. CCl4 saturations at various times for vertical transect at x = 119 cm during water infiltration stage.

View larger version (32K): [in a new window]   Fig. 10. CCl4 saturation distribution in caliche layer at the end of the water injection stage.

View larger version (30K): [in a new window]   Fig. 11. Computed CCl4 saturation distribution with STOMP simulator for end of (a) redistribution stage, and (b) water injection stage.