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Endosulfan Losses through Runoff and Leaching from Calcareous Gravelly or Marl Soils

M. Zhoua, Y. C. Li*,a, P. Nkedi-Kizzab and S. K. O'Haira

a Department of Soil and Water Science and Department of Horticultural Sciences, University of Florida's Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, at the Tropical Research and Education Center, Homestead, FL 33031
b Soil and Science Department, University of Florida's Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Gainesville, FL 33611



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Fig. 1. The effect of rainfall intensity on sediment concentrations in runoff and cumulative runoff sediment mass as a function of cumulative rainfall for the Biscayne marl soil.

 


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Fig. 2. The effect of water table depth (WTD) on sediment concentrations in runoff and cumulative runoff sediment mass as a function of cumulative rainfall for the Krome soil.

 


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Fig. 3. The effect of soil type on sediment concentrations in runoff and cumulative runoff sediment as a function of cumulative rainfall.

 


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Fig. 4. The concentrations of endosulfan {alpha} (filled symbols) and ß (open symbols) in leachates as a function of cumulative rainfall mass for the Krome soil at 150 mm h-1 rainfall intensity.

 


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Fig. 5. Measured and calculated endosulfan {alpha} concentrations in runoff water vs. the sum of cumulative rainfall depth and apparent runoff sediment depths for Krome soil at all water table depths.

 


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Fig. 6. Measured and calculated endosulfan ß concentrations in runoff water vs. the sum of cumulative rainfall depth and apparent runoff sediment depth for Krome soil at all water table depths.

 


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Fig. 7. Measured and calculated endosulfan concentrations in runoff water vs. the sum of cumulative rainfall depth and apparent runoff sediment depth for Biscayne marl soil. Endosulfan {alpha} at 150 mm h-1 rainfall (open squares), endosulfan {alpha} at 75 mm h-1 rainfall (filled squares), endosulfan ß at 150 mm h-1 rainfall (open circles), endosulfan ß at 75 mm h-1 rainfall (filled circles).

 





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