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Reevaluation of the Multistep Outflow Method for Determining Unsaturated Hydraulic Conductivity

^a Institute of Agricultural and Forest Engineering, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennohdai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
^b Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University, 1390 Hamasaka, Tottori 680-0001, Japan

View larger version (38K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of the experimental setup.

View larger version (24K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Comparison of the observed and optimized outflow, and pressure head. The arrows in (a) indicate when the direct methods were performed. The pressure heads here indicate tensiometer readings or pressure heads at the bottom (i.e., atmospheric one) subtracted from the pneumatic pressure head.

View larger version (22K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Simulated flux profiles for Masa sandy loam when direct methods were performed.

View larger version (23K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Soil water retention curves.

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Unsaturated hydraulic conductivities determined by the four methods.