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In Situ Measurement of Soil Heat Flux with the Gradient Method

USDA-ARS Soil and Water Management Unit, 1991 Upper Buford Circle, St. Paul, MN 55108

View larger version (34K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Illustration of tri-needle soil heat flux probes. The needles are inserted horizontally into the soil with their plane perpendicular to the soil surface.

View larger version (23K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Reference soil heat flux and soil heat flux from three tri-needle probes and two HFP01SC heat flux plates during the onset of a heating cycle in the heat flux plate calibration chamber. The short period of zero-reference heat flux on Day 54 was the result of an early morning power outage that affected the heating element in the calibration chamber but left the battery-powered sensors and dataloggers unaffected.

View larger version (16K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Example diel cycle of soil heat flux measured in an early season soybean field by three tri-needle probes and two HFP01SC heat flux plates at 10 cm. Storage corrections have not been applied.