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Physical and Numerical Model of Colloidal Silica Injection for Passive Site Stabilization

^a Drexel University, Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA
^b Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA

View larger version (52K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Schematic showing concept of stabilizer delivery to target area by means of natural and controlled groundwater flow.

View larger version (56K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Box model experiment for colloidal silica delivery study. (a) Side view; (b) plan view. Colloidal silica progression after 3 h. Flow is from left to right.

View larger version (38K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Computational grid, injection and extraction wells, and location of Cl– concentration sampling points A1 through C6.

View larger version (56K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Calculated distribution of viscosity and liquid flow direction 5 min and 2, 6, and 10 h after beginning of stabilizer injection. (1 cP corresponds to a dynamic viscosity of 0.001 Pa s.)

View larger version (45K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Comparison between measured (dashed lines with symbols) and calculated (solid lines) Cl– concentration.

View larger version (22K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Measured and estimated gel-time curves. Symbols represent viscosity measurements made on stabilizer samples taken during the sandbox experiment. The solid line is an exponential gel-time curve with parameters determined by inverse modeling of the sandbox experiment; the dashed lines represent the 95% error band calculated using linear uncertainty propagation analysis. (1 cP corresponds to a dynamic viscosity of 0.001 Pa s.)