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Using High-Resolution Soil Moisture Data to Assess Soil Water Dynamics in the Vadose Zone

^a USDA-ARS Environmental Quality Lab., Bldg. 007, 10300 Baltimore Ave., BARC-W, Beltsville, MD 20705
^b USDA-ARS Alternate Crops and Systems Lab., Bldg. 001, Rm. 342, 10300 Baltimore Ave., BARC-W, Beltsville, MD 20705

View larger version (25K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. (A) Cumulative rainfall amount and (B) intensity distribution frequencies for the recharge and high evapotranspiration (ET) seasons during this 2.5-yr study.

View larger version (42K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Schematic of the multisensor capacitance probe showing three of four sensors.

View larger version (60K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Schematic of site layout with location of multisensor capacitance probes (MCP) in eight no tillage (NT) and plow tillage (PT) plots. The enlarged area shows the MCP placement positions in the two intensively instrumented plots.

View larger version (39K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Soil water dynamics around an irrigation event at four sensor depths under plow tillage and no tillage corn, at a row position. Total water added was 41 mm.

View larger version (43K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Dynamics of soil water storage (5–55 cm) in side-by-side plow tillage (PT) and no tillage (NT) plots, at the nontraffic interrow position, in this 2.5-yr study. The horizontal lines in 1995 represent the approximate water holding capacities for NT and PT.

View larger version (45K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Cumulative soil water storage vs. rainfall, by (a) no tillage (NT) vs. plow tillage (PT) and (b) recharge vs. high evapotranspiration (ET) season.

View larger version (33K): [in a new window]   Fig. 7. Tillage differences in cumulative storage [no tillage (NT) – plow tillage (PT)] vs. (a) rainfall amount and (b) rainfall intensity. Each value in the plot represents a difference between mean cumulative storage values for a tillage treatment.