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Uncertainty of Hydraulic Conductivity under Field Conditions and at Fixed Pressure Heads and Water Contents

Department of Exact Sciences, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil

View larger version (35K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Frequency distribution of (A) coefficients of determination and (B) standard deviations at each depth after fitting the van Genuchten (h) equation to experimental data from the 24 sampling locations.

View larger version (20K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Equation [1] fitted to H–z data from the uncovered experiment at Location 12 for each observation time: (a) 0 h, (b) 17.9 h, (c) 47.7 h, (d) 65.1 h, (e) 88.5 h, (f) 114.4 h, (g) 137.8 h, (h) 163.8 h, (i) 186.8 h, (j) 211.5 h, (k) 282.6 h, and (l) 401.4 h.

View larger version (10K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Equation [3] fitted to zZFP–t data from the uncovered test at Location 12.

View larger version (15K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Experimentally obtained values of the hydraulic conductivity K as a function of the water content from both covered and uncovered experiments, at three locations at the 0.075-m depth, together with regression lines.

View larger version (13K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Experimentally obtained values of the hydraulic conductivity K as a function of the water content from both the covered and uncovered experiments, at three locations at the 0.375-m depth, together with regression lines.

View larger version (51K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Values of and h for which hydraulic conductivity was obtained in the covered and uncovered experiment, at each location.

View larger version (11K): [in a new window]   Fig. 7. Coefficients of variation of h (CVh) as a function of and coefficients of variation of (CV) as a function of h at the 0.075- and 0.375-m depths, obtained from 24 (h) relations.

View larger version (93K): [in a new window]   Fig. 8. Box plots for untransformed and lognormal-transformed data of K at both depths.

View larger version (57K): [in a new window]   Fig. 9. Box plots for untransformed and lognormal-transformed data of Kh at both depths.

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 10. Coefficients of variation of Kh and K from untransformed (squares) and lognormal-transformed (circles) data, at both depths, as a function of h or , and weighed mean . Numbers indicate the number of locations with an observation of K at a particular h or