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Suitability of Fiberglass Wicks to Sample Colloids from Vadose Zone Pore Water

^a Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Center for Multiphase Environmental Research, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164
^b Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844

View larger version (27K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Experimental setup for the wick experiments.

View larger version (24K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Electrophoretic mobility of the colloids as a function of pH, measured in a 1.67-mM Na2CO3/NaHCO3 solution. Error bars denote ± one standard deviation.

View larger version (64K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Scanning electron micrographs of (a) nontreated wick fiber (as received from supplier), (b) treated wick fiber (combusted and washed), and (c) treated wick fiber covered with kaolinite particles (after kaolinite breakthrough experiment).

View larger version (22K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Distribution of water content as a function of height above the bottom of the wick for different water flow rates. Error bars denote ± one standard deviation (n = 3).

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Nitrate breakthrough curves at pH 7 (a) for different flow rates in the same wick, (b) for 10 mL h–1 flow rate in three different wicks, and (c) for 55 mL h–1 flow rate in three different wicks.

View larger version (41K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Breakthrough curves of native and modified Hanford colloids at different flow rates and pH. Breakthrough curves at the same flow rate within one plot are repetitions with different wicks.

View larger version (36K): [in a new window]   Fig. 7. Breakthrough curves of pure mineral colloids at different flow rates and pH.

View larger version (20K): [in a new window]   Fig. 8. In-wick and among-wick variability for three repeated breakthrough curves using native colloids at pH 10.