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Volatile Organic Compounds in the Saturated–Unsaturated Interface Region of a Contaminated Phreatic Aquifer

^a Research Dep., Israel Hydrological Service, P.O. Box 20365, Tel Aviv 61203, Israel, and Ben-Gurion Univ. of the Negev, The Jacob Blaustein Institute for Desert Research, Dep. of Environmental Hydrology & Microbiology, Sde Boker Campus 84990, Israel
^b Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, The Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, P.O. Box 6, Bet-Dagan, 50250, Israel
^c Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Newe-Ya'ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, P.O. Box 1021, Ramat Yishay, 30095, Israel

View larger version (60K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Schematic representation of the monitoring well and sedimentary sequence. The inset shows a photograph of two dialysis cells (150 mL each) of the multilayer sampler (MLS) used in the study. PVC = polyvinyl chloride, wt = water table.

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Rainfall before and during the study period. Arrows pointing downward and upward denote introduction and extraction of the multilayer sampler (MLS), respectively. The dashed lines denote the time period each MLS was inside the monitoring well.

View larger version (31K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Profiles of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) obtained by multilayer sampler 1 (MLS-1): (a) trichloroethylene (TCE); (b) cis-1,2-dichloroethylene (cis-1,2-DCE), and (c) 1,1-Dichloroethylene (1,1-DCE). The lower x axis denotes VOC concentration in water; the upper x axis denotes VOC concentration in air, calculated using Henry's constant. Closed square symbols denote concentrations in the saturated zone, open squares denote concentrations in the unsaturated zone; wt = water table.

View larger version (32K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Temporal variability in volatile organic compound (VOC) concentrations: (a) trichloroethylene (TCE); (b) tetrachloroethylene (PCE); (c) cis-1,2-dichloroethylene (cis-1,2-DCE); and (d) 1,1-dichloroethylene (1,1-DCE). The lower x axis denotes VOC concentrations in water; the upper x axis denotes VOC concentrations in air, calculated using Henry's constant. Closed symbols denote concentrations in the saturated zone; open symbols denote concentrations in the unsaturated zone; wt = water table.

View larger version (19K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Relation between volatile organic compounds (VOCs) (below and above the water table) in multilayer sampler 2 (MLS-2): (a) TCE (trichloroethylene) vs. PCE (tetrachloroethylene); (b) 1,1-DCE (1,1-dichloroethylene) vs. cis-1,2-DCE (cis-1,2-dichloroethylene); (c) TCE vs. cis-1,2-DCE.