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Conceptual Models of Vadose Zone Flow and Transport beneath the Pajarito Plateau, Los Alamos, New Mexico

Earth and Environmental Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545

View larger version (158K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Site map showing topography, Los Alamos National Laboratory boundary, and locations of cross sections, canyons, mesas, and other example sites discussed in text.

View larger version (44K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Cross sections on the Pajarito Plateau, (a) A–A' on the western end, (b) B–B' on the eastern end, as indicated in Fig. 1.

View larger version (141K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Photograph of Cañon de Valle, a wet canyon on the western edge of the plateau.

View larger version (11K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Time-varying percolation rate at the alluvium–tuff interface, estimated for Mortandad Canyon near Well R-15 (Hollis et al., 2005).

View larger version (24K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Nitrate concentration profiles as a function of elevation in Wells R-15 (Longmire et al., 2001) and MCOBT-8.5 (Broxton et al., 2002b) and for a one-dimensional simulation (Hollis et al., 2005).

View larger version (126K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Photograph of a dry canyon, lower Sandia Canyon.

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 7. Pore water chloride and volumetric water content profiles in Potrillo Canyon for Borehole PC-4 (Newman, 2002, unpublished data). Stratigraphic contacts are also shown (Qbt-1g is the Tshierege 1g unit, Tsk is the Tsankawi Pumice Bed, and Qbo is the Otowi Member of the Bandelier Tuff).

View larger version (134K): [in a new window]   Fig. 8. Photo of a dry mesa located north of Cañada del Buey, on the eastern side of the Laboratory.

View larger version (21K): [in a new window]   Fig. 9. Water content and chloride profiles from MDA G (Newman, 1996).

View larger version (21K): [in a new window]   Fig. 10. Changes in volumetric water content in borehole 1121 as a result of episodic ponding (Newell, 1996 and 2000, unpublished data). Ponding occurred from focused runoff from an asphalted area.

View larger version (27K): [in a new window]   Fig. 11. Volumetric Water Content in four boreholes for background conditions at TA-49 near MDA AB (Levitt et al., 2005).

View larger version (26K): [in a new window]   Fig. 12. Volumetric water content for disturbed conditions at TA-49, MDA AB. Data are for two boreholes beneath an asphalt area (Farley, 1994, unpublished data). Simulation results are for transient simulations with increased deep percolation during asphalt lifetime (Birdsell et al., 1999).

View larger version (108K): [in a new window]   Fig. 13. Photograph of mountain-front mesa at TA-16.

View larger version (11K): [in a new window]   Fig. 14. Box and whisker plot comparing canyon and mesa volumetric water contents.

View larger version (10K): [in a new window]   Fig. 15. Box and whisker plot comparing canyon and mesa pore water chloride concentrations.