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Field-Scale Water Flow Simulations Using Ensembles of Pedotransfer Functions for Soil Water Retention

^a Dep. of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Univ. of California, Riverside, CA 92521
^b USDA-ARS, Environmental Microbial Safety Lab., BARC-East, 173 Powder Mill Rd., Beltsville, MD 20705
^c USDA-ARS, George E. Brown, Jr. Salinity Lab., Riverside, CA
^d USDA-ARS Hydrology and Remote Sensing Lab., Beltsville, MD
^e SCK-CEN, Belgium
^f USNRC, ONRR, Washington, DC

View larger version (16K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Precipitation during the period of measurements.

View larger version (9K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Estimated daily evaporation rates for dry periods during the experiment.

View larger version (37K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Average field-measured water content data at several depths (symbols) and simulated results obtained with the laboratory water retention data (lines). Solid line is the median value; dotted lines are the 95% tolerance interval.

View larger version (35K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Average field-measured water content data at several depths (symbols) and simulated results obtained with the pedotransfer function ensemble (lines). Solid line is the median value; dotted lines are the 95% tolerance interval.

View larger version (15K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Probability distributions of the RMSEs for soil water contents simulations using water retention data measured in the laboratory () and estimated with the pedotransfer function ensemble ().

View larger version (16K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Field-measured and estimated soil water retention curves along the trench. Dots are field measurements, dashed lines the 95% tolerance interval of the laboratory water retention data, and solid lines the 95% tolerance interval of pedotransfer function ensemble-estimated water retention curve.

View larger version (39K): [in a new window]   Fig. 7. Average field-measured water content data at several depths (symbols) and simulated results obtained with the random Ks and the laboratory water retention data having a 50% probability (lines). Solid line is the median value; dotted lines are the 95% tolerance interval.

View larger version (10K): [in a new window]   Fig. 8. Measured and simulated cumulative soil water fluxes for three wetting–drying periods (Days 112–143, 144–232, and 233–275). , simulated with laboratory-measured water retention; , simulated with the pedotransfer function ensemble. Error bars show standard deviations.

View larger version (15K): [in a new window]   Fig. 9. Dependencies of average daily flux estimation error on time window over which fluxes were averaged. , simulated with laboratory-measured water retention data; , simulated with the pedotransfer function ensemble.

View larger version (23K): [in a new window]   Fig. A1. Textural classification system according to the FAO Soil Map of Europe (1998). The FAO classes are: C (coarse), M (medium), MF (medium fine), F(fine), VF (very fine).