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Published online 8 March 2006
Published in Vadose Zone J 5:273-282 (2006)
DOI: 10.2136/vzj2005.0021
© 2006 Soil Science Society of America
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Basin-Scale Risk Assessment in Rice Paddies

An Example Based on the Axios River Basin in Greece

Dimitrios G. Karpouzasa,*, Ettore Capria and Euphemia Papadopoulou-Mourkidoub

a Univ. Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Istituto di Chimica Agraria ed Ambientale, Sezione Chimica Vegetale, Via E. Parmense 84, Piacenza 29100, Italy
b Aristotle Univ. of Thessaloniki, Lab. of Pesticide Science, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece

Figure 1
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  		Fig. 1. A site map of the study area and a schematic representation of the basin-scale scenario developed.

 

Figure 2
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  		Fig. 2. Annual average groundwater predicted environmental concentrations of propanil for a 20-yr simulation period. The shaded bar represents the 80th percentile value.

 

Figure 3
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  		Fig. 3. Annual average groundwater predicted environmental concentrations of molinate for a 20-yr simulation period when a paddy closure period of (a) 5, (b) 10, and (c) 20 d was applied. The shaded bar represents the 80th percentile value.

 

Figure 4
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  		Fig. 4. Comparison of measured concentrations of propanil in the Axios River in 1994 with (a) the average daily predicted environmental concentrations of propanil in the simulated river for the 20-yr simulation period and (b) the daily predicted environmental concentrations of propanil in years when the minimum and maximum daily predicted environmental concentrations were observed. Error bars represent the standard deviation of the mean (n = 20 yr).

 

Figure 5
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  		Fig. 5. Comparison of measured concentrations of propanil in the Axios River in 1994 with (a) the average daily predicted environmental concentrations of propanil in the simulated river for the 20-yr simulation period and (b) the daily predicted environmental concentrations of propanil in years when the minimum and maximum daily predicted environmental concentrations were observed. Error bars represent the standard deviation of the means (n = 20 yr).

 




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