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Transport of a Mixture of Chlorinated Solvent Vapors in the Vadose Zone of a Sandy Aquifer

Experimental Study and Numerical Modeling

Institut de Mécanique des Fluides et des Solides de Strasbourg, Institut Franco-Allemand de Recherche sur l'Environnement (IFARE), UMR 7507 ULP-CNRS, 23 rue du Loess, BP 20, F-67037 Strasbourg Cedex, France

View larger version (21K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Schematic of the SCERES facility showing the pollution source and the sampling locations.

View larger version (29K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Measured and simulated relative water saturation profiles and sampling depths in the vadose zone of SCERES.

View larger version (23K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Measured TCE and PCE vapor concentrations at (X = 0 m; Y = 0.75 m) and (X = 0.75 m; Y = 0 m), at depths of (a) 0.25 m and (b) 1.7 m.

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. TCE and PCE water concentrations measured at (X = 0 m; Y = –0.75 m) at depths of 1.85 and 1.95 m.

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Evolution of the TCE and PCE fluxes measured at different distances from the source on the flow axis.

View larger version (16K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Observed vapor phase concentration profiles in the unsaturated zone of the SCERES aquifer.

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   Fig. 7. Measured and analytically calculated TCE and PCE volatilization rates from the soil surface.

View larger version (37K): [in a new window]   Fig. 8. Schematics of the computational grid used in the numerical simulation.

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 9. Relative permeabilities of the water and gas phases used in the simulations.

View larger version (20K): [in a new window]   Fig. 10. Observed and simulated (a) TCE and (b) PCE gas concentrations at (X = 0 m; Y = 0.75 m) at depths of 0.25 and 1.7 m (sim = simulated, meas = measured).

View larger version (23K): [in a new window]   Fig. 11. Simulated and measured dissolved TCE and PCE concentrations at (X = 0 m; Y = 0.75 m) at a depth of 1.85 m.

View larger version (28K): [in a new window]   Fig. 12. Measured, analytically calculated (Fickian_based) and numerically simulated volatilization rates into the atmosphere at (X = 1.5 m; Y = 0 m).

View larger version (24K): [in a new window]   Fig. 13. Sensitivity analysis: Influence of the source zone definition on calculated gaseous concentrations at (X = 0 m; Y = 0.75 m).

View larger version (22K): [in a new window]   Fig. 14. Sensitivity analysis: influence of (a) source zone definition and (b) the adsorption coefficient on calculated aqueous concentrations at (X = 0 m; Y = 0.75 m).

View larger version (29K): [in a new window]   Fig. 15. Sensitivity analysis: influence of average temperature on calculated vapor concentrations at point (X = 0 m; Y = 0.75 m).