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Estimation of the Unsaturated Hydraulic Conductivity of Peat Soils

Laboratory versus Field Data

K. Schwärzel^a,*, J. imnek^b, H. Stoffregen^c, G. Wessolek^c and M. Th. van Genuchten^d

^a Institute of Soil Science and Site Ecology, Univ. of Technology, Dresden, Germany
^b Dep. of Environmental Sciences, Univ. of California, Riverside, CA 92521 USA
^c Institute of Ecology, Dep. of Soil Science and Soil Protection, Technical Univ. of Berlin, Germany
^d USDA-ARS, George E. Brown, Jr. Salinity Lab., Riverside, CA 92521, USA

View larger version (40K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Schematic of the potential root water uptake distribution function.

View larger version (12K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Effect of tensiometer measurement precision on calculated unsaturated hydraulic conductivities.

View larger version (27K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Hydraulic conductivity (left) and water retention (right) functions for the peat soil as determined in the laboratory (3 replicates for each horizon) using inverse parameter estimation and direct methods. Open circles represent directly estimated hydraulic conductivities, squares are directly measured retention data, (h); solid lines represent inversely estimated K(h) and (h) functions; and dashed lines are (h) functions fitted to directly measured retention data and K(h) functions predicted from the fitted retention curves and the directly measured KS.

View larger version (35K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Measured (open circles) and fitted (dashed lines) pressure heads (left) and water contents (right) for the lysimeter experiments without (top) and with (bottom) plants.

View larger version (21K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Hydraulic conductivity (left) and water retention (right) functions of the peat soil as determined from the lysimeter experiments using inverse parameter estimation and direct methods.

View larger version (24K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Observed (circles) and predicted (lines) pressure heads (left) and water contents (right) for the additional evaporation experiment using a lysimeter with plants. The different simulation scenarios are explained in Table 3.