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Colloid and Bromide Transport in Undisturbed Soil Columns

Application of Two-Region Model

^a Institute of Life Sciences, Environmental Engineering Section, Aalborg University, Sohngaardsholmsvej 57, DK-9000 Aalborg, Denmark
^b Dep. of Agroecology, Soil Physics and Chemistry Section, Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
^c Dep. of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan

View larger version (25K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Sampling grid structure and location of samples. Filled circles indicate the 33 samples (columns) used in this study.

View larger version (37K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Eight general types of bromide breakthrough and natural colloid leaching curves observed for the 20-cm-high and 20-cm-diameter intact soil columns.

View larger version (41K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Bromide and colloid breakthrough curves for the remaining 25 intact soil columns used in this study.

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Relationships between soil physical properties and transport parameters. (a) Mobile phase water content (m) vs. water-filled pores with diameter >150 µm (20–experiment), (b) bromide advective transport velocity (vBr) vs. soil bulk density (b), (c) colloid advective transport velocity (vcoll) vs. bromide advective transport velocity (vBr). Filled symbols indicate columns where vBr < 10 cm h–1.

View larger version (90K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Kriged distributions of soil physical properties and transport parameters across the sampling field. (a) Accumulated amount of particles leached during experiment, (b)water dispersible colloids, (c) soil bulk density, (d) equivalent pore diameter, (e) bromide advective transport velocity (vBr), (f) mobile–immobile phase bromide mass transfer coefficient (Br), (g) colloid retardation factor (Rcoll), (h) colloid advective transport velocity (vcoll), (i) mobile–immobile phase colloid mass transfer coefficient (coll). The white squares indicate two areas compared with respect to bromide and colloid transport.