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Published online 26 May 2006
Published in Vadose Zone J 5:764-776 (2006)
DOI: 10.2136/vzj2005.0129
© 2006 Soil Science Society of America
677 S. Segoe Rd., Madison, WI 53711 USA
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An Air–Water Interfacial Area Based Variable Tortuosity Model for Unsaturated Sands

Raziuddin Khaleela,* and K. Prasad Saripallib

a Fluor Government Group, P.O. Box 1050, Richland, WA 99352
b Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354

Figure 1
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  		Fig. 1. Variation of interfacial area with saturation at the pore scale; capillary pressure Pc2 > capillary pressure Pc1 (after Corey, 1977).

 

Figure 2
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  		Fig. 2. (a) Schematic of a real medium and the corresponding idealized medium (image courtesy of D. Or and M. Tuller); (b) matric potential as a function of effective saturation for the real and the idealized media.

 

Figure 3
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  		Fig. 3. Tortuosity ratio {tau}/{tau}a (solid line) and Se2 (broken line) as a function of effective saturation Se for the Brooks–Corey–Burdine model.

 

Figure 4
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  		Fig. 4. Comparison of variable tortuosity ({tau}a) based Brooks–Corey–Burdine predictions (solid line) with the standard Brooks–Corey–Burdine predictions (broken line) and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity, K, measurements (squares) for 22 samples (the triangles represent the measured saturated hydraulic conductivity, Ks).

 

Figure 5
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  		Fig. 5. Tortuosity ratio {tau}/{tau}a (solid line) and Se1/2 (broken line) as a function of effective saturation Se for the van Genuchten–Mualem model.

 

Figure 6
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  		Fig. 6. Comparison of variable tortuosity ({tau}a) based van Genuchten–Mualem predictions (solid line) with the standard van Genuchten–Mualem predictions (broken line) and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity, K, measurements (squares) for 22 samples (the triangles represent the measured saturated hydraulic conductivity, Ks).

 

Figure 7
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  		Fig. 7. (a) Variable tortuosity ({tau}a) based Brooks–Corey–Burdine model predictions and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity, K, measurements and (b) the standard Brooks–Corey–Burdine model predictions and K measurements (the solid line represents the regression line and the dotted line represents the 1:1 line).

 

Figure 8
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  		Fig. 8. (a) Variable tortuosity ({tau}a) based van Genuchten–Mualem model predictions and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity, K, measurements and (b) the standard van Genuchten–Mualem model predictions and K measurements (the solid line represents the regression line and the dotted line represents the 1:1 line).

 




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