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Estimating Large-Scale Fracture Permeability of Unsaturated Rock Using Barometric Pressure Data

Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab., 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA 94720

View larger version (47K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Schematic showing typical vertical profiles of hydrogeological layers and units, as well as the conceptualized barometric pressure signals within a typical east–west cross section of the unsaturated zone flow model domain (see Fig. 2 for the cross-section location).

View larger version (59K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Plan view of the three-dimensional model domain, showing model boundary, horizontal grid layer, major fault locations, and selected borehole locations.

View larger version (26K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Pneumatic pressure data from Borehole NRG-7a for typical pneumatic pressure responses at the site. Data from sensors located in the middle TSw, upper TSw, PTn, and TCw geological layers, and land surface are shown.

View larger version (66K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Plan view of net infiltration distributed over the three-dimensional model domain of the present-day mean infiltration, used for gas flow analysis.

View larger version (7K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Estimated F ratio as a function of factor d. The F ratio is determined as the ratio of the calculated F value to the F value for the gas pressure signal.

View larger version (27K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Comparison between simulated (broken line) and observed pneumatic gas-pressure data at Borehole SD-12, obtained though one-dimensional model inversion (subunits of the Tpcp and Tpbt2 are located within the TCw and PTn, respectively, while Tptrn and Tptpll correspond to upper and lower portions of the TSw, respectively).

View larger version (21K): [in a new window]   Fig. 7. Comparison of simulated and observed gas pressures at Borehole SD-12 during a 60-d period, using simulation results with and without three-dimensional calibration.

View larger version (37K): [in a new window]   Fig. 8. Comparison of simulated and observed gas pressures at Borehole SD-7 over a 60-d period, with three-dimensional calibration.

View larger version (31K): [in a new window]   Fig. 9. Comparison of simulated and observed gas pressures at Borehole SD-12 over a 60-d period, with three-dimensional calibration.

View larger version (34K): [in a new window]   Fig. 10. Comparison of simulated and observed gas pressures at Borehole UZ-7a over a 60-d period, with three-dimensional calibration.