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Elucidation of Flow and Transport Processes in a Variably Saturated System of Interlayered Sediment and Fractured Rock Using Tracer Tests

^a Errol L. Montgomery & Associates, Inc., 1550 E. Prince Rd., Tucson, AZ 85719
^b Earth and Environmental Science Division, MS J514, Los Alamos National Lab., Los Alamos, NM 87545
^c Dep. Earth and Environmental Science, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, 801 Leroy Pl., Socorro, NM 87801
^d Geosciences, Idaho National Lab., P.O. Box 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415

View larger version (43K): [in this window] [in a new window]   FIG. 1. Location of Vadose Zone Research Park (VZRP) and nearby facilities, the Radioactive Waste Management Complex (RWMC), Idaho Nuclear Technology and Engineering Center (INTEC), Test Reactor Area (TRA), and Central Facilities Area (CFA). Arrows in the inset indicate the direction of regional groundwater flow.

View larger version (28K): [in this window] [in a new window]   FIG. 2. Map of infiltration ponds and associated near-field monitoring network at the Vadose Zone Research Park.

View larger version (41K): [in this window] [in a new window]   FIG. 3. Schematic cross-section showing lithology and monitoring network along the line of section of the Vadose Zone Research Park shown in Fig. 2. Wells 202, 203(A), and 204 are projected into the line of section. Red symbols represent monitoring wells; blue symbols represent suction lysimeters.

View larger version (19K): [in this window] [in a new window]   FIG. 4. Test 1 and test 2 breakthrough curves from wells and lysimeters (QL = analytical quantification limit).

View larger version (22K): [in this window] [in a new window]   FIG. 5. Representative fits of test 1 and test 2 data from which flow velocity estimates were generated. See Table 3 for minimum and maximum transport distances used in these simulations.

View larger version (12K): [in this window] [in a new window]   FIG. 6. Prediction of test 2 well 203(A) data using parameters from an inverse fit of test 2 well 199(A) breakthrough curve.

View larger version (12K): [in this window] [in a new window]   FIG. 7. Test 2 breakthrough curves for well 202A(B) and lysimeter 204129(I).

View larger version (15K): [in this window] [in a new window]   FIG. 8. Results of CXTFIT simulations compared with test 2 well 212 breakthrough data (see text for conceptual model in each simulation); d = effective interbed thickness.