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Carbon Tetrachloride Flow and Transport in the Subsurface of the 216-Z-9 Trench at the Hanford Site

^a Environmental Technology Division, Pacific Northwest National Lab., P.O. Box 999, MS K9-33, Richland, WA 99352
^b Fluor Hanford, Inc., Richland, WA 99352

View larger version (69K): [in this window] [in a new window]   FIG. 1. Outline of regional and 216-Z-9 trench geologic model domains at the Hanford Site near Richland, WA.

View larger version (53K): [in this window] [in a new window]   FIG. 2. Current conceptual model of subsurface carbon tetrachloride behavior at the Hanford Site (after USDOE, 2004).

View larger version (38K): [in this window] [in a new window]   FIG. 3. Three-dimensional geologic domain with a cut-out below the 216-Z-9 trench. The stratigraphic units in the legend denote Backfill, Hanford 1a (h1a), Hanford 1 (h1), Hanford 2 (h2), Lower Gravel (low_grvl), Lower Sand (low_sand), Cold Creek unit silt (pplz), Cold Creek unit carbonate (pplc), Upper Ringold (up_ring), Ringold E (ring_e), Ringold Lower Mud (low_rmud), Ringold A (ring_a), and Basalt.

View larger version (32K): [in this window] [in a new window]   FIG. 4. Plan view of the STOMP computational domain with model grid and locations of soil vapor extraction wells. The domain is 440 m in the west–east direction and 540 m in the south–north direction. Well 299-W15-223 is a slant-borehole.

View larger version (40K): [in this window] [in a new window]   FIG. 5. Dense nonaqueous phase liquid saturations in 1993 for the base case simulation. The stratigraphic units in the legend denote Backfill, Hanford 1a (h1a), Hanford 1 (h1), Hanford 2 (h2), Lower Gravel (low_grvl), Lower Sand (low_sand), Cold Creek unit silt (pplz), Cold Creek unit carbonate (pplc), Upper Ringold (up_ring), Ringold E (ring_e), Ringold Lower Mud (low_rmud), Ringold A (ring_a), and Basalt.

View larger version (42K): [in this window] [in a new window]   FIG. 6. Carbon tetrachloride gas concentrations (g L–1) in 1993 for the base case simulation. The stratigraphic units in the legend denote Backfill, Hanford 1a (h1a), Hanford 1 (h1), Hanford 2 (h2), Lower Gravel (low_grvl), Lower Sand (low_sand), Cold Creek unit silt (pplz), Cold Creek unit carbonate (pplc), Upper Ringold (up_ring), Ringold E (ring_e), Ringold Lower Mud (low_rmud), Ringold A (ring_a), and Basalt.

View larger version (21K): [in this window] [in a new window]   FIG. 7. Carbon tetrachloride mass (kg) distribution in the dense nonaqueous phase liquid (DNAPL), aqueous, and gaseous phases, and sorbed to the solid phase for the base case simulation. (VOC, volatile organic compound.)

View larger version (25K): [in this window] [in a new window]   FIG. 8. Dense nonaqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) mass (kg) distribution among the hydrostratigraphic units for the base case simulation.

View larger version (26K): [in this window] [in a new window]   FIG. 9. Cumulative transported dense nonaqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) and dissolved mass for the base case simulation.

View larger version (52K): [in this window] [in a new window]   FIG. 10. Updated carbon tetrachloride subsurface flow and transport conceptual model for the Hanford Site.

View larger version (62K): [in this window] [in a new window]   FIG. 11. Conceptual distribution of carbon tetrachloride from waste disposed at the 216-Z-9 site for (a) 1966, (b) 1974, (c) 1993, and (d) 2005. These figures are based on the results of the base case simulations. Note that some sensitivity simulations show significantly different results. The figure for the year 2005 shows the conceptual impact of soil vapor extraction remediation operations.