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Correcting Dual-Probe Heat-Pulse Readings for Changes in Ambient Temperature

^a Desert Research Institute, Nevada System of Higher Education, Las Vegas, NV 89119
^b Decagon Devices, Inc., Pullman, WA 99163; J. Yin, Dep. of Geoscience, Univ. of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154

View larger version (155K): [in this window] [in a new window]   FIG. 1. Image showing dual-probe heat-pulse (DPHP) sensor locations at Plots (A) CW1 and (B) CW4. Solid circles are DPHP sensors; white boxes are 107 thermistor probes installed at 0-cm depth; triangles are water content reflectometers; hatched boxes are locations of multiplexers and enclosures. Insets show an example of a DPHP sensor installed at the ground surface and a schematic of sensor orientation.

View larger version (36K): [in this window] [in a new window]   FIG. 2. Examples of diurnal fluctuations of water contents using (A) Probe 2179 on Plot CW1 and (B) Probe 2215 on Plot CW4 for data collected from 11 to 21 Aug. 2006.

View larger version (62K): [in this window] [in a new window]   FIG. 3. Water contents obtained using the single-point method and the uncorrected and corrected Levenburg–Marquardt (LM) analytical methods for April 2006: (A) Probe 2179 on Plot CW1, (B) Probe 2215 on Plot CW4.

View larger version (74K): [in this window] [in a new window]   FIG. 4. Water contents obtained using the single-point method and the uncorrected and corrected Levenburg–Marquardt (LM) analytical methods for August 2006: (A) Probe 2179 on Plot CW1, (B) Probe 2215 on Plot CW4.

View larger version (15K): [in this window] [in a new window]   FIG. 5. Comparison of thermal conductivity and volumetric water content functions for three soil types and for data collected in April and August 2006 in Plots (A) CW1 and (B) CW4.

View larger version (17K): [in this window] [in a new window]   FIG. 6. Comparison of water content data collected from dual-probe heat-pulse sensors (Probes 2179 and 2215) in (A) April and (B) August 2006 vs. data collected using water content reflectometers (616) at both field plots.

View larger version (25K): [in this window] [in a new window]   FIG. 7. Root mean square errors for optimization of data from 18 Aug. 2006 for (A and B) Probe 2179 and (C and D) Probe 2215 from readings taken at 0400 h (left column) and 1600 h (right column). Red dot on graph indicates global minima.

View larger version (42K): [in this window] [in a new window]   FIG. 8. Root mean square errors as a function of time and ambient temperature for August 2006 data collected with Probes 2179 and 2215 on Plots CW1 and CW4, respectively.

View larger version (49K): [in this window] [in a new window]   FIG. 9. Needle spacing as function of time and ambient temperature for August 2006 data.