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a Dep. of Hydrology and Water Resources, University of Arizona 1133 E. North Campus Drive, P.O. Box 210011, Tucson, AZ 85721-0011
b Department of Agronomy, 2004 Throckmorton Hall, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506-5501
* Corresponding author (ty{at}hwr.arizona.edu).
For many years monitoring methods have lagged behind numerical analyses of water flow, solute transport, and heat transfer into and through the vadose zone. However, recent advances in electronic components, renewed interest in development of monitoring methods, and the infusion of geophysical methods into vadose zone hydrology have begun to address this imbalance. The special section entitled, "Advances in Measurement and Monitoring Methods" in this issue of Vadose Zone Journal is dedicated to advances in technologies for nondestructive measurement of heat and mass transfer.
The collection of papers stems from a symposium at the annual Soil Science Society of American meeting in Indianapolis, IN (1014 Nov. 2002) entitled, "Physical Measurements in the SoilPlantAtmosphere System: I. Advances in Measurements at and Below the Ground SurfaceA Tribute to Clarke Topp." Papers from that session have been augmented with a few additional papers detailing current advances in measurement methods.
The special section includes two review papers covering the uses of time domain reflectometry and ground penetrating radar for soil water content measurement. In addition, Dr. Topp has provided a unique historical perspective of the early days of time domain reflectometry in an article that we refer to as "A View from the Topp." Research papers detail the development and use of a wide variety of methods: ground penetrating radar, time domain reflectometry, dual-probe heat-pulse sensors, multifunction heat-pulse sensors, temperature profiling, air permeametry, vadose-zone fluxmeter, cone penetrometry, neutron thermalization, automated chamber method for gas diffusion, and gradient and flux-plate methods for heat flux determination.
It is our hope that this extensive collection will both lead to improved vadose zone hydrologic investigations and inspire future advances in measurement methods to characterize vadose zone processes. The guest editors would like to thank the authors, reviewers, and technical staff of Vadose Zone Journal who contributed their time and insights to bring this collection together.
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